Effects of aluminum adjuvant on systemic reactions of lipopolysaccharides in swine.

In vivo effects of aluminum adjuvant on systemic reaction of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in piglets were investigated. Intramuscular injection of 0.1 mg kg-1 of LPS added to aluminum hydroxide gel (LPS(+)AL) mitigated the leukopenia, trembling and serum levels of TNF-alpha and cortisol compared with the injection of LPS suspended in LPS-free saline (LPS(+)SALINE). The serum endotoxin levels were reduced remarkably but relatively long-lasting in the LPS(+)AL. The lethality in mice injected with LPS added to aluminum hydroxide gel was significantly reduced. Likewise, the Limulus activity of a test LPS was reduced by the addition of aluminum hydroxide gel or aluminum chloride.