The symptom experience of alopecia.

OBJECTIVES: To examine the physiology and pathophysiology of loss of hair, the impact of alopecia on the patient, nursing and self-care interventions, and available resources. DATA SOURCES: Published articles pertaining to alopecia and personal experiences of coping with alopecia.
CONCLUSIONS: Hair loss often is the most traumatic side effect for cancer patients. It causes depression, loss of self-confidence, and humiliation in men and women of all ages. Too few studies exist to make a definitive recommendation for scalp hypothermia and the use of scalp tourniquets. The major controversy and issue to consider with these hair-preservation techniques is scalp metastases. Further studies are needed to identify the impact of alopecia on patient self-image and quality of life. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE: Nursing interventions should be directed toward helping the patient and family adapt to and cope with alopecia. Patient education, identification of available resources, and supportive listening are therapeutic interventions.