Lack of correlation between glutamate-induced depletion of ATP and neuronal death in primary cultures of cerebellum.

The aim of this work was to identify, using primary cultures of cerebellar neurons, the receptors involved in glutamate-induced depletion of ATP and to assess whether there is a correlation between glutamate-induced ATP depletion and neuronal death. Glutamate induced a rapid depletion of ATP (40% decrease at 5 min). After 60 min incubation with 1 M glutamate ATP content decreased by 60-70%. Similar effects were induced by glutamate, NMDA and kainate while quisqualate, AMPA or trans-ACPD did not affect significantly ATP content. The EC50 were approximately 6, 25 and 30 microM for glutamate, NMDA and kainate, respectively. DNQX and AP-5, competitive antagonists of kainate and NMDA receptors, respectively, prevented in a dose-dependent manner the glutamate-induced depletion of ATP. These results indicate that glutamate-induced depletion of ATP is mediated by activation of kainate and NMDA receptors. Glutamate-induced neuronal death was prevented by MK-801, calphostin C, H7, carnitine, nitroarginine and W7. However, only MK-801 and W7 prevented glutamate-induced depletion of ATP, while calphostin C, H7, carnitine and nitroarginine did not. This indicates that there is not a direct correlation between ATP depletion and neuronal death.