Two rules for callosal connectivity in striate cortex of the rat.

In the rat, callosal cells occupy lateral as well as medial portions of striate cortex. In the region of the border between areas 17 and 18, which contains a representation of the vertical meridian of the visual field, cells projecting through the corpus callosum are concentrated throughout the depth of the cortex. In contrast, in medial portion of striate cortex, where peripheral portions of the visual field are represented, callosal cells are preferentially found in infragranular layers. These differences in topography and laminar distribution suggest that these callosal regions, referred to as medial and lateral callosal regions in the present study, subserve different functions. We explored this possibility by analyzing the patterns of callosal linkages in these two callosal regions. We charted the location of retrogradely labeled cells within striate cortex of one hemisphere after placing restricted injections of one or more fluorescent tracers into selected sites in the contralateral striate cortex. We found the medial and lateral callosal regions have distinctly different topographic organizations. Injections into medial striate cortex of one hemisphere produced labeled cells predominantly in mirror-symmetric loci in medial portions of contralateral striate cortex. The arrangement of these connections suggests that they mediate direct interactions between cortical regions representing visual fields located symmetrically on opposite sides of the vertical meridian of the visual field. In contrast, the mapping in the lateral callosal region is reversed: injections into the 17/18a border produced labeled fields located medial to the contralateral 17/18a border, while injections slightly medial to the 17/18a border produced labeled fields located at the contralateral 17/18a border.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)