Mechanisms of intestinal phosphate transport in small ruminants.

In order to study the localization and mechanisms of intestinal phosphate transport in sheep and goats, unidirectional inorganic phosphate (Pi) flux rates across isolated stripped epithelial tissues were measured in vitro by applying the Ussing-chamber technique. In the first experiment the tissues were obtained from animals which had been kept on an adequate dietary P supply. In the second experiment the animals had either been kept on an adequate Ca and P supply or were Ca- and/or P-depleted. Significant net Pi absorption was measured in all segments of the small intestine and in the proximal colon of sheep and in the duodenum and jejunum of goats. Since the experiments were carried out in the absence of any electrochemical gradient, this clearly indicates the presence of active mechanisms for Pi transport in the intestinal tract of small ruminants. In sheep jejunum, reduction of mucosal Na concentration to 1.8 mM or serosal application of ouabain (0.1 mM) resulted in significant decreases of net Pi absorption of the same order of magnitude, indicating that about 65% of active Pi transport in sheep jejunum is mediated by a Na-dependent active transport mechanism. The mechanism for the remaining Na(+)-independent active Pi transport has not yet been identified. Dietary P depletion caused hypophosphataemia and induced a significant stimulation of net Pi absorption in goat duodenum and jejunum. This increase was independent of dietary Ca supply and was not associated with increased plasma calcitriol concentrations. This suggests substantial differences in hormonal regulation of Pi transport in small ruminants in comparison with single-stomached species.