Phase II trial of docetaxel in patients with advanced cutaneous malignant melanoma previously untreated with chemotherapy.

PURPOSE: A phase II study was undertaken to determine the efficacy of docetaxel in patients with metastatic malignant melanoma. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Between June 1992 and March 1994, 40 patients with metastatic malignant melanoma and no prior chemotherapy were treated with docetaxel 100 mg/m2 administered intravenously over 1 hour every 21 days. None of the patients had brain metastasis. Toxicity and follow-up data are provided.
RESULTS: One patient had a histologically confirmed complete response that lasted for 14+ months. Four patients had partial responses, bringing the overall response rate to 12.5% (95% confidence interval [CI], 6% to 30%). A patient with a partial response had a single chest-wall metastasis and was rendered free of disease surgically after a maximal response to docetaxel and remained free of tumor recurrence after 18+ months. Tumor was stabilized in 22 patients. The overall median survival time was 13 months. The main hematologic toxicity was neutropenia, which was severe but transient. Peripheral neuropathy was the limiting nonhematologic toxicity in three patients. Other important toxicities included cutaneous toxicity, fluid retention, oral mucositis, and hypersensitivity reactions. Preadministration of dexamethasone and diphenhydramine reduced the incidence of hypersensitivity reactions, cutaneous toxicities, and fluid retention.
CONCLUSION: Docetaxel has definite but low-level activity against malignant melanoma. Further investigation of this drug should be conducted in multidrug combination programs.