Grommets, swimming and otorrhoea--a review.

Ever since Armstrong reintroduced the concept of grommet insertion parents have been asking 'may my child swim?', yet there is still no consensus as to the correct answer. This paper reviews the work that has been done on this subject in the last 25 years. A review of the rates of otorrhoea following grommet insertion, irrespective of swimming, shows a variation from 12 to 64 per cent. Evidence suggests that pressures of 12-23 cm H2O are needed to push water through a grommet and that it is unlikely that water will enter the middle ear during surface swimming. Only bath water seems to cause significant inflammatory changes to middle ear mucosa. Not a single paper comparing swimmers with non-swimmers shows an increased rate of otorrhoea in those patients who swam; to the contrary, rates of otorrhoea were repeatedly higher in those patients who did not swim. The evidence suggests that swimming without ear protection can be safely permitted for children with grommets.