Isolation and characterization of rat alpha-lactalbumin: a glycoprotein.

alpha-Lactalbumin was purified to homogeneity from rat milk. Rat alpha-lactalbumin, in contrast to other alpha-lactalbumins, is a glycoprotein and exhibits an abnormally high molecular weight when obtained by gel filtration or electrophoresis in sodium dodecyl sulfate. The molecular weight by sedimentation equilibrium is 15 400 +/- 5% and of the reduced and alkylated protein is 16 000 when determined by thin-layer chromatography in 6 M guanidine hydrochloride. At least, three major charge forms, all containing carbohydrate and active in the lactose synthetase reaction were demonstrated. The amino acid composition reveals a high proline content which is reflected in a low alpha-helical content.