Current issues in the use of theophylline.

Theophylline is a safe and effective medication for the management of chronic asthma. It reduces nocturnal bronchospasm and airways hyperresponsiveness, and its addition to effective doses of beta-agonists and corticosteroids leads to further improvement in symptom control. These properties are the result of actions other than simple bronchodilation, and there is a strong possibility that anti-inflammatory activity accounts for its clinical advantages. Serious side effects are uncommon and their rate can be further reduced through appropriate precautions. Recent studies have alleviated the concern over cognitive and behavioral side effects in children.