Psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy: conceptual lenses.

Of the many difficulties in maintaining an integration of psychotherapeutic and pharmacotherapeutic treatment, one of the most important is "the problem of bimodal relatedness", that is, the distinction between relating to the patient as a diseased organ or object of study and as a disturbed person. The authors identify the forces that act to inappropriately emphasize one mode or the other and discuss major difficulties that arise because of failure to maintain a bimodal relatedness. In a setting of combined therapy, maintaining and safeguarding the optimal relationship of collaborative subject-subject relatedness can prevent the emergence of problem destructive to effective psychiatric treatment and research.