OBJECTIVE: Development of ectopic implants of endometriosis is associated with both an inflammatory response by macrophages and endometrial stromal cell proliferation. Macrophages are capable of releasing a variety of inflammatory mediators, including growth factors. To assess the impact of such factors on endometrial tissue, we have studied the effects of recombinant growth factors, fibroblast growth factor, epidermal growth factor, transforming growth factor-alpha, and inflammation mediators transforming growth factor-beta, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha on human endometrial stromal cell proliferation. STUDY DESIGN: Increasing concentrations of these compounds were added to cultures of primary, secondary, and long-term stromal cells and the cells were harvested at 24, 48, and 72 hours. RESULTS: Epidermal growth factor, transforming growth factor-alpha, transforming growth factor-beta, and fibroblast growth factor induced a statistically significant, dose-dependent increase in stromal cell thymidine uptake of 1.5- to fivefold. The cytokine tumor necrosis factor had no effect alone, but the combination of fibroblast growth factor and tumor necrosis factor had a synergistic effect, increasing cell proliferation 25% to 84% over fibroblast growth factor alone. CONCLUSION: The stromal cell response to a wide range of cell growth effectors and the potential of mediators like tumor necrosis factor-alpha to synergize suggest that such macrophage-secretory products may contribute to proliferation of endometrial implants in vivo.
OBJECTIVE: Development of ectopic implants of endometriosis is associated with both an inflammatory response by macrophages and endometrial stromal cell proliferation. Macrophages are capable of releasing a variety of inflammatory mediators, including growth factors. To assess the impact of such factors on endometrial tissue, we have studied the effects of recombinant growth factors, fibroblast growth factor, epidermal growth factor, transforming growth factor-alpha, and inflammation mediators transforming growth factor-beta, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha on human endometrial stromal cell proliferation. STUDY DESIGN: Increasing concentrations of these compounds were added to cultures of primary, secondary, and long-term stromal cells and the cells were harvested at 24, 48, and 72 hours. RESULTS: Epidermal growth factor, transforming growth factor-alpha, transforming growth factor-beta, and fibroblast growth factor induced a statistically significant, dose-dependent increase in stromal cell thymidine uptake of 1.5- to fivefold. The cytokine tumornecrosis factor had no effect alone, but the combination of fibroblast growth factor and tumornecrosis factor had a synergistic effect, increasing cell proliferation 25% to 84% over fibroblast growth factor alone. CONCLUSION: The stromal cell response to a wide range of cell growth effectors and the potential of mediators like tumor necrosis factor-alpha to synergize suggest that such macrophage-secretory products may contribute to proliferation of endometrial implants in vivo.
Authors: Hugh S Taylor; Kevin G Osteen; Kaylon L Bruner-Tran; Charles J Lockwood; Graciela Krikun; Anna Sokalska; Antoni J Duleba Journal: Reprod Sci Date: 2011-06-21 Impact factor: 3.060
Authors: E Maria C Ohlsson Teague; Kylie H Van der Hoek; Mark B Van der Hoek; Naomi Perry; Prabhath Wagaarachchi; Sarah A Robertson; Cristin G Print; Louise M Hull Journal: Mol Endocrinol Date: 2008-12-12
Authors: Marek Gogacz; Krzysztof Gałczyński; Małgorzata Wojtaś; Izabela Winkler; Aneta Adamiak; Katarzyna Romanek-Piva; Tomasz Rechberger; Jan Kotarski Journal: J Immunol Res Date: 2017-11-01 Impact factor: 4.818