Time-dependent modulation of liver lesion development in Opisthorchis-infected Syrian hamster by an antihelminthic drug, praziquantel.

In the North-east of Thailand, repeated antihelminthic therapy has been introduced for control of the opisthorchiasis known to be a major risk factor for cholangiocellular carcinomas. What influence this may have on tumorigenesis, however, remains unclear. The effects of administration of praziquantel, an antihelminthic drug, at different time points subsequent to infection with Opisthorchis viverrini (OV) on 2,2'-dihydroxy-di-n-propylnitrosamine (DHPN)-initiated lesion development in the liver of female Syrian hamsters were therefore investigated. Praziquantel (250 mg/kg body weight, i.p.) was given 4, 12 or 20 weeks after infection of DHPN-treated animals (two 1000 mg/kg i.p. injections at weeks 0 and 2) with 60 OV metacercariae (at week 4). Survivors at week 38 were killed and examined. It was found that whereas praziquantel administration at the earlier two time points was effective at reducing hepatocellular nodule development, the results for cholangiocellular lesions were less pronounced, significant reduction only being evident in hamsters treated 4 weeks after parasite infestation. The findings thus indicate that enhancement of DHPN-initiated bile duct carcinogenesis by opisthorchiasis is both rapid and to a large degree irreversible. Hepatocellular lesion development in this model, on the other hand, appears to correlate more closely with the duration of parasite-associated proliferative stimulus.