BACKGROUND: Saccharomyces boulardii is a nonpathogenic yeast used for the prevention and treatment of Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea and colitis. However, the mechanism by which S. boulardii exerts its protective effects remains unclear. METHODS: The binding of [3H]toxin A to its brush border receptor preincubated with S. boulardii-cultured suspension or filtered conditioned medium was measured in vitro. The effect of toxin A on secretion, epithelial permeability, and morphology in rat ileal loops in vivo was also examined in rats pretreated with S. boulardii. RESULTS: S. boulardii reduced [3H]toxin A-receptor binding in a dose-dependent fashion. Sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of ileal brush border exposed to S. boulardii-conditioned medium revealed a diminution of all brush border proteins. Treatment of rats with S. boulardii suspension reduced fluid secretion and mannitol permeability caused by toxin A. CONCLUSIONS: S. boulardii may reduce some of the enterotoxic effects of toxin A by inhibiting toxin A-receptor binding. This effect appears to be manifested by a secreted product of the yeast, possibly a protease.
BACKGROUND:Saccharomyces boulardii is a nonpathogenic yeast used for the prevention and treatment of Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea and colitis. However, the mechanism by which S. boulardii exerts its protective effects remains unclear. METHODS: The binding of [3H]toxin A to its brush border receptor preincubated with S. boulardii-cultured suspension or filtered conditioned medium was measured in vitro. The effect of toxin A on secretion, epithelial permeability, and morphology in rat ileal loops in vivo was also examined in rats pretreated with S. boulardii. RESULTS:S. boulardii reduced [3H]toxin A-receptor binding in a dose-dependent fashion. Sodium dodecyl sulfatepolyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of ileal brush border exposed to S. boulardii-conditioned medium revealed a diminution of all brush border proteins. Treatment of rats with S. boulardii suspension reduced fluid secretion and mannitol permeability caused by toxin A. CONCLUSIONS:S. boulardii may reduce some of the enterotoxic effects of toxin A by inhibiting toxin A-receptor binding. This effect appears to be manifested by a secreted product of the yeast, possibly a protease.
Authors: Geoffrey A Preidis; Colin Hill; Richard L Guerrant; B S Ramakrishna; Gerald W Tannock; James Versalovic Journal: Gastroenterology Date: 2010-11-12 Impact factor: 22.682
Authors: R L Brandão; I M Castro; E A Bambirra; S C Amaral; L G Fietto; M J Tropia; M J Neves; R G Dos Santos; N C Gomes; J R Nicoli Journal: Appl Environ Microbiol Date: 1998-02 Impact factor: 4.792
Authors: Flaviano S Martins; Guillaume Dalmasso; Rosa M E Arantes; Anne Doye; Emmanuel Lemichez; Patricia Lagadec; Veronique Imbert; Jean-François Peyron; Patrick Rampal; Jacques R Nicoli; Dorota Czerucka Journal: PLoS One Date: 2010-01-27 Impact factor: 3.240
Authors: C Pothoulakis; I Castagliuolo; J T LaMont; A Jaffer; J C O'Keane; R M Snider; S E Leeman Journal: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A Date: 1994-02-01 Impact factor: 11.205