A nested case control study of lung cancer among New York talc workers.

This nested case control study assessed the relationship of lung cancer and time exposed to talc, while controlling for smoking, other talc exposures, and nontalc exposures. There were 22 lung cancer cases (91% smokers and 9% former smokers) and 66 controls (27% nonsmokers, 9% former smokers, and 64% smokers). Smokers were at sixfold increased risk compared to nonsmokers and ex-smokers. When stratified by smoking status, risk of lung cancer decreased with talc tenure and remained negative when excluding cases with < 20 years' latency and short-term workers. These data suggest that nontalc exposures are not confounding risk factors while smoking is, and that temporal and exposure-response relationships are consistent with a smoking etiology but not an occupational etiology for lung cancer.