Secondary cytoreduction for ovarian cancer following cisplatin therapy.

PURPOSE: This study was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of secondary surgical cytoreduction in the management of ovarian cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The cases of 100 patients with recurrent or progressive epithelial ovarian cancer whose initial treatment had been cytoreduction followed by cytotoxic therapy with a cisplatin-based regimen were reviewed. All 100 patients underwent surgery, after recurrence or progression was documented preoperatively, by gynecologic oncologists at the Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY, between 1980 and 1991 with the intention of performing radical tumor reduction.
RESULTS: Sixty-one patients had a secondary cytoreduction that left residual disease less than 2 cm in diameter. The median survival, determined from the date of the secondary cytoreduction to the date of death or last follow-up, is 27.1 months in the optimally treated group and 9.0 months for the 39 patients whose surgery was suboptimal (P = .0001). Other variables associated with statistically significant longer survival, and a significantly higher probability of achieving a successful secondary cytoreduction, included age < or = 55 years at the time of secondary cytoreduction, interval from initial diagnosis to secondary cytoreduction of more than 12 months, residual disease at initial staging laparotomy of less than 2 cm, and a complete clinical response to a cisplatin-based front-line regimen. Multivariate analysis confirms the survival benefit provided by a successful secondary cytoreduction when adjusted for the above variables. There was one postoperative mortality. Ten percent of the successfully cytoreduced patients and 18% of the unsuccessfully cytoreduced patients experienced some degree of postoperative morbidity.
CONCLUSION: These data justify the performance of secondary cytoreductive surgery for patients who develop gross recurrent or progressive ovarian cancer following cisplatin therapy.