Monoclonal antibody prophylaxis against the in vivo toxicity of ricin in mice.

A BALB/c murine IgG1 monoclonal antibody, designated BG11-G2, specific for ricin was generated. BG11-G2 antibody did not bind to either purified ricin chain A or chain B, but recognized an antigenic determinant whose conformation requires the combination of the two chains in the formation of the native ricin molecule. It did not react with the protein synthesis inhibitor, T-2 mycotoxin, or with the sodium channel blockers, saxitoxin and tetrodotoxin. As little as 0.78 micrograms/ml of BG11-G2 IgG1 anti-ricin monoclonal antibody completely protected against the in vitro toxicity of ricin as determined by [3H]leucine uptake in EL-4 cell assays. Passive intraperitoneal infusion of purified BG11-G2 antibody into BALB/c mice one day prior to a lethal challenge with ricin considerably delayed the onset of toxicity and death. Better protection was obtained with BG11-G2 infused before and after ricin challenge.