OBJECTIVE: Pathological self-mutilation--the deliberate alteration or destruction of body tissue without conscious suicidal intent--was examined both as a symptom of mental disorders and as a distinct syndrome. METHODS: Data from more than 250 articles and books were reviewed, as well as data obtained by the authors from their extensive clinical experience in treating self-mutilating patients. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: The diverse behaviors that constitute pathological self-mutilation can be categorized into three basic types: major--infrequent acts that result in significant tissue damage, usually associated with psychoses and acute intoxications; stereotypic--fixed, rhythmic behavior seemingly devoid of symbolism, commonly associated with mental retardation; and superficial or moderate--behavior such as skin cutting, burning, and scratching associated with a variety of mental disorders. The authors propose that a syndrome of repetitive superficial or moderate self-mutilation should be regarded as an axis I impulse disorder. In most cases, the syndrome coexists with character pathology.
OBJECTIVE: Pathological self-mutilation--the deliberate alteration or destruction of body tissue without conscious suicidal intent--was examined both as a symptom of mental disorders and as a distinct syndrome. METHODS: Data from more than 250 articles and books were reviewed, as well as data obtained by the authors from their extensive clinical experience in treating self-mutilating patients. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: The diverse behaviors that constitute pathological self-mutilation can be categorized into three basic types: major--infrequent acts that result in significant tissue damage, usually associated with psychoses and acute intoxications; stereotypic--fixed, rhythmic behavior seemingly devoid of symbolism, commonly associated with mental retardation; and superficial or moderate--behavior such as skin cutting, burning, and scratching associated with a variety of mental disorders. The authors propose that a syndrome of repetitive superficial or moderate self-mutilation should be regarded as an axis I impulse disorder. In most cases, the syndrome coexists with character pathology.
Authors: Megan S Chesin; Hanga Galfavy; Cemile Ceren Sonmez; Amanda Wong; Maria A Oquendo; J John Mann; Barbara Stanley Journal: Suicide Life Threat Behav Date: 2017-02-17
Authors: Margaret S Andover; Blair W Morris; Abigail Wren; Margaux E Bruzzese Journal: Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health Date: 2012-03-30 Impact factor: 3.033
Authors: C A Mathews; J Waller; D Glidden; T L Lowe; L D Herrera; C L Budman; G Erenberg; A Naarden; R D Bruun; N B Freimer; V I Reus Journal: J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry Date: 2004-08 Impact factor: 10.154