PURPOSE: To increase the activity of cisplatin, fluorouracil (5-FU), and leucovorin (PFL) through further biochemical modulation and study the pharmacologic interaction of 5-FU and interferon alfa-2b (IFN). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Escalating doses of IFN (0.5 to 4.0 x 10(6) U/m2/d x 6) were added to cisplatin 100 mg/m2, continuous infusion 5-FU 800 or 640 mg/m2/d x 5, and leucovorin 100 mg orally every 4 hours. Forty-eight previously untreated patients with locoregionally advanced head and neck cancer received up to three cycles of PFL-IFN. RESULTS: Twenty-one patients were treated during a phase I cohort study. Dose-limiting mucositis was seen with 800 mg/m2/d of 5-FU and 0.5 x 10(6) U/m2/d of IFN. After decreasing the 5-FU dose to 640 mg/m2/d, the maximally tolerated dose (MTD) of IFN was 2.0 x 10(6) U/m2/d. Mucositis and myelosuppression were dose-limiting. Of 34 patients treated at this MTD, 56% (95% confidence interval, 39% to 73%) had a complete remission. There was no correlation between 5-FU clearance and IFN dose. Pharmacodynamic analyses at the MTD showed that older age, female sex, and higher 5-FU area under the time versus concentration curve (AUC) were associated with lower nadir counts and/or increased mucositis. Seven patients with diabetes mellitus had significantly increased myelosuppression, serum creatinine, hypocalcemia, higher 5-FU concentrations, and lower 5-FU clearance compared with nondiabetics. CONCLUSION: The recommended doses for PFL-IFN are 640 mg/m2/d for 5-FU and 2.0 x 10(6) U/m2/d for IFN. Sex, age, 5-FU AUC, and diabetes mellitus may have an impact on the pharmacodynamics of this regimen.
PURPOSE: To increase the activity of cisplatin, fluorouracil (5-FU), and leucovorin (PFL) through further biochemical modulation and study the pharmacologic interaction of 5-FU and interferon alfa-2b (IFN). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Escalating doses of IFN (0.5 to 4.0 x 10(6) U/m2/d x 6) were added to cisplatin 100 mg/m2, continuous infusion 5-FU 800 or 640 mg/m2/d x 5, and leucovorin 100 mg orally every 4 hours. Forty-eight previously untreated patients with locoregionally advanced head and neck cancer received up to three cycles of PFL-IFN. RESULTS: Twenty-one patients were treated during a phase I cohort study. Dose-limiting mucositis was seen with 800 mg/m2/d of 5-FU and 0.5 x 10(6) U/m2/d of IFN. After decreasing the 5-FU dose to 640 mg/m2/d, the maximally tolerated dose (MTD) of IFN was 2.0 x 10(6) U/m2/d. Mucositis and myelosuppression were dose-limiting. Of 34 patients treated at this MTD, 56% (95% confidence interval, 39% to 73%) had a complete remission. There was no correlation between 5-FU clearance and IFN dose. Pharmacodynamic analyses at the MTD showed that older age, female sex, and higher 5-FU area under the time versus concentration curve (AUC) were associated with lower nadir counts and/or increased mucositis. Seven patients with diabetes mellitus had significantly increased myelosuppression, serum creatinine, hypocalcemia, higher 5-FU concentrations, and lower 5-FU clearance compared with nondiabetics. CONCLUSION: The recommended doses for PFL-IFN are 640 mg/m2/d for 5-FU and 2.0 x 10(6) U/m2/d for IFN. Sex, age, 5-FU AUC, and diabetes mellitus may have an impact on the pharmacodynamics of this regimen.
Authors: G Milano; J L Fischel; M C Etienne; N Renée; P Formento; A Thyss; M H Gaspard; L Thill; D Cupissol Journal: Cancer Chemother Pharmacol Date: 1994 Impact factor: 3.333
Authors: Katrin Hoffmann; Angela Marten; Katja Lindel; Stefan Fritz; Dirk Jager; Markus W Buchler; Jan Schmidt Journal: BMC Cancer Date: 2006-05-10 Impact factor: 4.430