Diapause in Drosophila melanogaster females: a genetic analysis.

Female Drosophila melanogaster exhibit ovarian diapause at low temperatures and short day lengths. We found that D. melanogaster isofemale lines from Windsor (Ontario, Canada) had a significantly higher percentage of females in diapause than did those from Cartersville (Georgia, U.S.A.). To investigate the heredity of this trait, we performed a 16-reciprocal cross analysis using two extreme isofemale lines called W and C. We found that diapause in D. melanogaster is inherited as a simple autosomal recessive trait with the C response (less flies in diapause) completely dominant to the W one. Maternal and cytoplasmic factors did not affect differences in diapause in these lines. The result of our genetic analysis of diapause in D. melanogaster opens may avenues for the genetic dissection of this ecologically relevant trait.