Liver resection with normothermic ischaemia exceeding 1 h.

A retrospective study was made of 34 patients who underwent major liver resection with a single period of vascular occlusion exceeding 60 min. The liver remnant was normal in all cases. Vascular occlusion was achieved by continuous portal triad clamping (15 patients), hepatic vascular exclusion (15) or a sequential combination of both procedures (four). Liver cooling was not used. The mean (s.e.m.) duration of continuous normothermic liver ischaemia was 73.6 (2.5) (range 60-127) min. The mean (s.e.m.) amount of blood transfused during operation was 5.3(0.8) units packed red cells. There were no deaths after surgery and the postoperative course was uneventful, or limited to asymptomatic pleural effusion, in 18 patients. Three patients suffered postoperative bleeding necessitating further surgery and one of these required reintervention for a prolonged bile leak. Four patients had transient liver failure that resolved spontaneously within 15 days. There was a 13-fold increase in serum transaminase activities and the proaccelerin level was 45 per cent that of normal on day 1 after operation. These changes were returning to normal levels within 15 days. Continuous vascular occlusion during major liver resection is a useful manoeuvre that may be performed safely on normal hepatic parenchyma for up to 90 min.