Anemia and mucocutaneous lesions due to Mycoplasma pneumoniae infections.

Exanthem is common in Mycoplasma pneumoniae infections. Occasionally this exanthem is severe (Stevens-Johnson syndrome), and usually it occurs in association with pneumonia. Hemolytic anemia, which also usually occurs in association with pneumonia, is a rare but severe manifestation of M. pneumoniae infection. The association of exanthem and pneumonia or of hemolytic anemia and pneumonia should suggest the diagnosis of M. pneumoniae infection, and an appropriate work-up should be carried out.