Endocytotic pathways in the melanotroph of the rat pituitary.

The internalization of the extracellular markers horseradish peroxidase (HRP) and cationized ferritin (CF) by the melanotrophs of the intermediate lobe of the rat pituitary was studied during short-time incubation of mechanically dissociated cells or in cell culture after 5 days. After a 30 min exposure, the tracers were found in electron-lucent granules or vacuoles of approximately the same size as the secretory granules, situated 200-500 nm from the cell membrane. In the cultured cells, which showed a higher rate of tracer uptake, internalization was followed for 1, 2 and 5 min after labelling and during 2 h of exposure. Initially, the label was seen only in coated pits and coated vesicles at the cell membrane. Larger vacuoles were first seen after 2-5 min of incubation. After 2 h of exposure the labelling pattern was distinctly different for the two tracers. CF was found in larger vacuoles of varying morphology, in dilatations at the base of cilia, within Golgi saccules and at the edge of the electron-dense core of forming secretory granules. HRP was found in an extensive array of tubulovesicular structures extending throughout the cytoplasm. The Golgi complex and forming granules were, however, not labelled with HRP. The study identifies part of the electron-lucent granules or vacuoles in the melanotroph as endosomes, and shows that the melanotrophs sort CF and HRP via diverting pathways after internalization, suggesting that granule membrane, and possibly its functional components, can be recycled in these cells.