Photoaffinity labeling of the leukotriene D4 receptor in guinea pig lung.

The leukotriene (LT)D4 receptor has been defined as a G-protein-coupled receptor. In order to characterize this receptor, an iodinated, photoactivatable azido derivative of LTD4 (125I-azido-LTD4) has been synthesized for use as a photoaffinity probe. The characteristics of 125I-azido-LTD4 specific binding to guinea pig lung membranes were directly comparable to those of [3H]LTD4 specific binding to this tissue. 125I-Azido-LTD4 specific binding was saturable and of high affinity, enhanced by divalent cations and inhibited by sodium ions, but not potassium ions. 125I-Azido-LTD4 specific binding was also strongly inhibited by the nonhydrolyzable GTP analog, GTP gamma S, with ATP gamma S being 100-fold less potent, suggesting this inhibition was due to selective interaction with a G-protein. The cysteinyl leukotrienes competed for 125I-azido-LTD4 specific binding to guinea pig lung membranes with the following rank order of potency: LTD4 > LTE4 > LTC4, while the non-cysteinyl LTB4 was virtually inactive. Two structurally different LTD4 receptor antagonists, MK-571 and ICI 204,219, also competed for 125I-azido-LTD4 specific binding with nanomolar potency, whereas the leukotriene synthesis inhibitor, MK-886, was 10,000-fold less active. These data are in agreement with 125I-azido-LTD4 binding specifically to a G-protein-coupled LTD4 receptor. Photolysis of 125I-azido-LTD4 under equilibrium binding conditions resulted in the selective radiolabeling of a 45-kDa guinea pig lung membrane protein. The photolabeling of this 45-kDa protein was saturable, modulated by cations and inhibited by nucleotide analogs in an analogous way to 125I-azido-LTD4 specific binding. In addition, the photolabeling of this protein was inhibited in a concentration-dependent manner by all competing ligands, with the same rank order of potency and IC50 values as determined in the 125I-azido-LTD4 binding assay. It is proposed, therefore, that this novel 45-kDa protein is the guinea pig lung LTD4 receptor.