Effects of cadmium on potassium currents in activated B lymphocytes.

We have applied the patch clamp technique in the whole-cell configuration to study whole-cell currents in B lymphocytes under three conditions: (i) resting; (ii) interleukin-4 (IL-4)-treated; and (iii) IL-4 plus cadmium-treated murine B lymphocytes. Through these experiments we have: (i) confirmed our earlier findings and the observation of others that resting B cells express only outward currents; (ii) confirmed the presence of an inwardly rectifying K+ current elicited by treatment with the lymphokine IL-4 that was revealed in our previous study on single channel currents; (iii) demonstrated that both inward and outward rectifying K+ currents in IL-4-treated B cells are dramatically reduced by exposure to 20 microM cadmium; and (iv) determined that the activation curve of the IL-4-induced inward rectifier is shifted to more negative voltages by cadmium. We propose that one of the mechanisms by which cadmium can mediate toxicity in activated B lymphocytes is through the suppression and modulation of potassium currents, effects that may alter the timing of entry into the cell cycle.