Relation between anthropometric indicators and risk of breast cancer among Australian women.

Associations between various anthropometric indicators and breast cancer were investigated in a community-based case-control study conducted among 456 premenopausal women (135 cases) and 656 women who were at least 10 years past menopause (185 cases) in Brisbane, Australia, from 1981 to 1985. Among postmenopausal women, increased risk was associated with greater weight at age 25 years (p trend = 0.002) and with a heavier maximum weight (p trend = 0.003), but not with recent weight. Results were similar for relative weight (weight (kg)/height (m)1.5). Overall, weight gain was unrelated to the occurrence of breast cancer, although risks were elevated among postmenopausal women who weighed less at age 25 (< 54 kg) and subsequently experienced a large weight gain (> 13 kg). Among premenopausal women, there was little indication that body size or change in weight was related to breast cancer. These results suggest that both heaviness in early adulthood and a large maximum weight at any time are associated with elevated risks for postmenopausal breast cancer.