Literature DB >> 8285891

Empiric treatment of endophthalmitis. Are aminoglycosides necessary?

S P Donahue1, R P Kowalski, A W Eller, J M DeVaro, B H Jewart.   

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To reevaluate the necessity of empiric gram-negative therapy for postoperative endophthalmitis based on the recognition of aminoglycoside-induced toxic effects.
METHODS: A review of 162 cases of culture-positive bacterial endophthalmitis to determine bacterial prevalence, antibiotic susceptibilities, and laboratory staining results of intraocular material.
RESULTS: One hundred fifty (93%) gram-positive and 12 (7%) gram-negative isolates. All the gram-positive bacteria were susceptible to vancomycin hydrochloride; and gram-negative bacteria were susceptible to gentamicin sulfate, amikacin sulfate, and ceftazidime sodium. Bacterial rods were observed on smear of intraocular material in 10 gram-negative cases submitted for examination.
CONCLUSION: Vancomycin is an appropriate single agent if laboratory studies rule out gram-negative infection. In the absence of laboratory support, an aminoglycoside (possible toxic effects) or another gram-negative antibiotic (possibly ceftazidime) should also be administered.

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Year:  1994        PMID: 8285891     DOI: 10.1001/archopht.1994.01090130055016

Source DB:  PubMed          Journal:  Arch Ophthalmol        ISSN: 0003-9950


  8 in total

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Journal:  Br J Ophthalmol       Date:  2002-03       Impact factor: 4.638

Review 2.  Common ocular infections. A prescriber's guide.

Authors:  S P Donahue; J M Khoury; R P Kowalski
Journal:  Drugs       Date:  1996-10       Impact factor: 9.546

Review 3.  Bacillus cereus endophthalmitis.

Authors:  D B David; G R Kirkby; B A Noble
Journal:  Br J Ophthalmol       Date:  1994-07       Impact factor: 4.638

4.  Assessment of a standard treatment protocol on visual outcome following presumed bacterial endophthalmitis.

Authors:  N Okhravi; H M Towler; P Hykin; M Matheson; S Lightman
Journal:  Br J Ophthalmol       Date:  1997-09       Impact factor: 4.638

5.  Pharmacokinetics of sparfloxacin in the serum and vitreous humor of rabbits: physicochemical properties that regulate penetration of quinolone antimicrobials.

Authors:  W Liu; Q F Liu; R Perkins; G Drusano; A Louie; A Madu; U Mian; M Mayers; M H Miller
Journal:  Antimicrob Agents Chemother       Date:  1998-06       Impact factor: 5.191

6.  A sudden total loss of vision after routine cataract surgery.

Authors:  S Lartey; P Armah; A Ampong
Journal:  Ghana Med J       Date:  2013-06

Review 7.  Paediatric post-traumatic endophthalmitis.

Authors:  D V Alfaro; D B Roth; R M Laughlin; M Goyal; P E Liggett
Journal:  Br J Ophthalmol       Date:  1995-10       Impact factor: 4.638

8.  Intraocular Foreign Body: Diagnostic Protocols and Treatment Strategies in Ocular Trauma Patients.

Authors:  Hyun Chul Jung; Sang Yoon Lee; Chang Ki Yoon; Un Chul Park; Jang Won Heo; Eun Kyoung Lee
Journal:  J Clin Med       Date:  2021-04-25       Impact factor: 4.241

  8 in total

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