Prenatal diagnosis and sex selection in 19 nations.

As part of a study of ethics and human genetics in 19 nations, we surveyed attitudes of 71 medical geneticists in 4 developing nations (Brazil, Greece, India and Turkey), and 611 geneticists in 15 developed nations, using anonymous questionnaires. Overall, 52% in India, 30% in Brazil, 29% in Greece, and 20% in Turkey would perform prenatal diagnosis to select a male fetus for a couple with 4 daughters and no sons. Sex selection is the major use of prenatal diagnosis in India. The majority in the U.S.A. (62%) and Hungary (60%) would also do sex selection or refer. We discuss possible means of preventing sex selection while avoiding medical paternalism and promoting the autonomy of women.