A comparative investigation of coarticulation in fricatives: electropalatographic, electromagnetic, and acoustic data.

The principal aim of this investigation was to compare coarticulatory effects at different levels of the speech production system, in order to gain insight into the relations between the different levels. To this end, the relative magnitudes of carryover and anticipatory coarticulation with adjacent vowels were measured at the midpoints of the two lingual fricatives /s/ and /integral of/ in two speakers each of English, French, and German. Linguopalatal contact patterns derived from electropalatographic recordings were compared with an analysis of the acoustic output. The results indicated, firstly, that mismatches between articulatory and acoustic results are not uncommon. Secondly, and more surprisingly, while there was no difference in the overall magnitude of coarticulatory effects for /s/ and /integral of/, not all speakers showed a predominance of the same coarticulatory direction on both fricatives; this complicated the observed tendency for the predominance of carryover coarticulation to be greater in German and English than in French. Two speakers were retested using comparative analyses of electropalatography and electromagnetic articulography. These two procedures gave a closely parallel picture of lingual coarticulatory regularities (while complementing each other in terms of characterizing articulation). The implications of these results for identifying language-specific coarticulatory regularities are discussed.