Autoantibodies to parathyroid hormone receptor.

Autoantibodies which block the binding of parathyroid hormone to membrane receptors for the hormone were detected in the sera (especially in the IgG fraction) of 49 out of 50 uraemic patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism (patients with high levels of C-regional parathyroid hormone). These antibodies are species-specific. Their presence in the serum in unaffected by dialysis. Inhibition of binding appears to be related to the rise in C-regional parathyroid-hormone levels and the duration of uraemia. The production of cyclic adenosine monophosphate by parathyroid-hormone-stimulated adenyl cyclase was reduced by the blocking antibodies. The findings show that secondary hyperparathyrodism in uraemia is another example of a receptor-antibody disease, but it is not known whether the antibodies act by modifying the affinity of the receptors for the hormone or by reducing the concentration of receptors available.