Acquired resistance and persistence of Candida albicans following oral candidiasis in the mouse: a model of the carrier state in humans.

In our experimental model of oral candidiasis in the CD1 mouse, the primary infection showed reproducible Candida overgrowth kinetics with a peak level on day 5 of the infection. After day 7, the population stabilized at about 300 colony-forming units per excised mucosal tissue. The primary infection triggered an inflammatory response that resolved in under 8 days. At this point, the histological pattern of the mucosa reached a new equilibrium between recruited and resident mononuclear cells. The primary infection also rapidly stimulated cellular immunity, as measured from day 4 by a delayed-type hypersensitivity footpad reaction. Following a second topical challenge with Candida 30 days after the primary infection, the infection was barely detectable and a typical local delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction occurred between 24-72 h. It is proposed that acquired resistance, in conjunction with low-level persistence of Candida in our model, mimics the carrier state in sensitized humans.