Sudden death and bereavement outcomes: the impact of resources on grief symptomatology and detachment.

The study of sudden bereavement focuses almost exclusively on its impact on psychological well-being. This research broadens our understanding of bereavement outcomes by exploring the effect of grief on family detachment following sudden bereavement. Moreover, this study examines the relative contributions of resources in alleviating grief symptoms and reducing detachment. Data are collected from medical examiner records and mail-back surveys from family members of victims of suicide and accidental deaths in a large metropolitan area of the United States. A covariance structural equation model allowing for correlated measurement error is estimated using LISREL VII. The results indicate that the most grief-stricken survivors are more detached from family than those who are least grief-stricken. Examination of the direct and indirect influences of resources on bereavement outcomes reveals that self-esteem is the strongest predictor of grief and that it also plays a decisive role in mediating the influences of religious participation and exercise on grief. Expressive support exerts direct effects on both grief and detachment. This research concludes by directing future research to examine more fully the impact of sudden bereavement on marital and family relationships.