Mediastinal paraganglioma: a surgical experience.

Between October 1960 and January 1991, 5 male and 9 female patients (mean age, 44 +/- 19 years) were seen at the Mayo Clinic because of mediastinal paraganglioma. Nine patients presented with hypertension. In these and an additional patient, the tumors were biochemically active. In 13 patients, the mediastinal mass was localized preoperatively. All patients with functioning tumors received alpha-adrenergic and beta-adrenergic blockade preoperatively. Total resection was performed in 11 patients and partial resection in 2. In 1 patient, the tumor was found at postmortem examination. Five lesions were grossly invasive and nine were noninvasive. Blood pressure returned to normal in 6 of the 8 hypertensive patients whose tumors were totally removed. In 4, catecholamine excretion normalized as well. Tumor multicentricity occurred in 6 patients. In 7 patients, the disease took a malignant course (metastases in 5 and progression of unresectable lesions in 2). The probability of 10-year survival after resection was 50% in the group with malignant tumors, and there were no deaths in the group with benign lesions. Analysis of the DNA cellular content showed no correlation between the ploidy pattern and the behavior of the disease.