A multidimensional study of personality traits ad modum Sjöbring.

Three groups of epileptic out-patients (juvenile myoclonic epilepsy, psychomotor epilepsy, and cryptogenic grand mal) were studied. The groups were matched as closely as possible with each other with regard to sex, age, and treatment. Out-patients suffering from Menière's disease served as a control group; these patients were treated with placebo and matched with the epilepsy groups with regard to sex, duration of disease and social level. The Marke-Nyman inventory was used as a quantitative assessment of personality traits. This inventory is an operative definition of Sjöbring's neurophysiological model of personality, including the three dimensions: validity, stability and solidity. Our results showed that epileptic patients irrespective of the type of seizures were substable. Low validity was found in patients with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy and in patients with psychomotor epilepsy with temporal EEG focus. In those latter epilepsy groups a tendency to subsolidity was also observed. In Sjöbring's frame of reference these substable patients of low validity have a psychological vulnerability since they are unable to overcome the small concrete adversities of life. They adhere to problems, and being unable to solve them they tend to react in a mood of discontent or of maladjustment. In the usual psychiatric frame of reference substable patients of low validity are classified as psychoastenic patients with emotional instability.