Thoracoplasty in the context of current surgical practice.

Although widely employed for well over a century as a procedure for reducing the capacity of the thoracic cavity, thoracoplasty in current practice has become a rarity. A retrospective analysis of 37 patients (29 men, 8 women) who underwent the procedure under the care of one thoracic surgeon in a 16-year period provides the basis for this presentation. Ages ranged from 23 to 82 years with a mean age of 58 +/- 12.8. The mean follow-up was 8.5 years. Nineteen patients underwent the procedure for complications after lung resection for lung cancer. There were four perioperative deaths in this group (21.1%) and 6 long-term survivors (31.6%). Eighteen patients without lung cancer underwent thoracoplasty as a planned treatment or for complications. There were no perioperative deaths, two late deaths, and 16 long-term survivors (88.9%) in the group. In the entire series, the overall perioperative mortality rate was 10.8% with no major long-term morbidity. Although proper timing and proper patient selection are essential in the use of thoracoplasty as a procedure to cope with the septic complications of lung cancer resection, it is overall a safe and successful procedure that has a relatively low mortality and that leads to considerable improvement in quality of life.