Whose DNA is it anyway? Relationships between families and researchers.

DNA obtained for research may, at a later time, become crucial for carrier and prenatal diagnosis. Continuing rapid advances in human genetics make this scenario more and more common. The following case illustrates some of the problems that may occur when DNA donors and researchers do not establish a verbal or written agreement at the time the DNA is obtained. The legal and ethical ramifications of this situation are examined through case discussion and review of the literature. We propose that even in the absence of a verbal or written agreement, researchers continue to have a responsibility to share any significant information obtained from linkage studies with donor families if such information becomes available. If the DNA specimens become critical for prenatal or carrier testing at a later time, we feel that the family has a right to request and receive aliquots of such specimens. The research unit should have the right to charge a storage fee for DNA banking. Clear agreement between donor and researcher at the time of specimen collection may avoid legal and ethical problems in the future.