Mucosal acidification and an acid microclimate in the hen colon in vitro.

Experiments were performed on isolated, stripped colonic epithelia of low-salt-adapted hens (Gallus domesticus) in order to characterize acid secretion by this tissue. With symmetric, weak buffer solutions, colonic epithelia acidified both mucosal and serosal sides. Titration measurements of the mucosal acidification rate (pH-stat technique) averaged 1.63 +/- 0.25 microEq.cm-2.h-1. Mucosal acidification was also evident in colons from high-salt-adapted birds and in low-salt-adapted coprodeum, but was completely abolished in the high-salt coprodeum. Mucosal acidification by low-salt-adapted colonic epithelium was unaffected by sodium replacement, mucosal amiloride (10(-3) mol.l-1), and serosal ouabain (5 x 10(-4) mol.l-1), although all three treatments significantly reduced or reversed the short-circuit current. Acetazolamide (10(-3) mol.l-1, serosal) reduced mucosal acidification by 15% and simultaneously increased short-circuit current by a similar amount. Colonic epithelia incubated in glucose-free solutions had significantly lower acidification rates (0.59 +/- 0.13 microEq.cm-2.h-1, P < 0.002 versus controls) and addition of glucose (15 mmol.l-1), but not galactose, partially restored acidification to control levels. Anoxia (N2 gassing) completely inhibited short-circuit current, but reduced acidification by only 30%. A surface microclimate pH, nearly 2 pH units more acidic than the bath pH of 7.1-7.4, was measured in low-salt-adapted colon and coprodeum. The acid microclimate of both tissues was partially attenuated by adaptation to a high-salt diet. Colonic microclimate pH was dependent on the presence of glucose and sensitive to the bath pH.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)