Construction of rubella virus genome-length cDNA clones and synthesis of infectious RNA transcripts.

Plasmids containing a complete cDNA copy of the rubella virus (RUB) genomic RNA were constructed. Transfection into cell culture of genome-length RNA transcribed in vitro from one of these cDNA clones, Robo102, resulted in the production of virus which preserved the genetic and phenotypic characteristics of the parental virus from which the cDNA clone was derived. Prior to construction of the RUB genome-length cDNA clones, the 5'-terminal sequence of the RUB genomic RNA was determined to be 5'CAAUGG...3' following the cap structure. Analysis of the specific infectivity of RUB genomic RNA isolated from virions revealed that in Vero cells, the specific infectivity of RUB genomic RNA is roughly equivalent to that of Sindbis virus genomic RNA. In RUB virion RNA preparations, the subgenomic RNA was detected. It was demonstrated that subgenomic RNA was packaged into RUB virions; however, the presence of the subgenomic RNA was not essential for infectivity of the genomic RNA.