Capnocytophaga haemolytica sp. nov. and Capnocytophaga granulosa sp. nov., from human dental plaque.

Two new Capnocytophaga species, for which we propose the names Capnocytophaga haemolytica and Capnocytophaga granulosa, were isolated from supragingival dental plaque of adults. The phenotypic characteristics of these organisms were the same as those of the genus Capnocytophaga: gram-negative rods; CO2 requirement; gliding motility; catalase negative; oxidase negative; acids produced from D-glucose, D-maltose, D-mannose, and D-sucrose; and acetate and succinate are the major end products of glucose fermentation. In addition, the cellular fatty acid contents and menaquinones of both species were similar to the cellular fatty acid contents and menaquinones of other Capnocytophaga species. Nevertheless, the levels of DNA-DNA relatedness of the two new species to each other and to other Capnocytophaga species were less than 20%. Two notable characteristics of C. haemolytica are the presence of hemolytic activity and the lack of aminopeptidase activity. C. granulosa has granular inclusions in its cells and grows aerobically. The type strains of C. haemolytica and C. granulosa are A0404 (= JCM 8565) and B0611 (= JCM 8566), respectively.