OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the relationship between the ankle/arm blood pressure index (AAI, the ratio of ankle to arm systolic blood pressure, a measure of peripheral arterial disease) and short-term cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in older adults with systolic hypertension. DESIGN: Prospective cohort study, 1- to 2-year follow-up (mean, 16 months). SETTING: Eleven of 16 field centers from the Systolic Hypertension in the Elderly Program. PARTICIPANTS: 1537 older men and women with systolic hypertension. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: All-cause mortality, coronary heart disease (CHD) mortality, cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality, and CHD and CVD morbidity and mortality. RESULTS: The AAI was measured at the 1989-1990 clinic examination and was 0.9 or less in 25.5% of 1537 participants. A low AAI was associated with most major CHD and CVD risk factors. In those with a low AAI (< or = 0.9) compared with those with an AAI of more than 0.9, age- and sex-adjusted relative risks for mortality end points at follow-up were as follows: total mortality, 3.8 (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.1 to 6.9); CHD mortality, 3.24 (95% CI, 1.4 to 7.5); and CVD mortality, 3.7 (95% CI, 1.8 to 7.7). For CVD morbidity and mortality, the age- and sex-adjusted relative risk was 2.5 (95% CI, 1.5 to 4.3). After adjustment for baseline CVD and other cardiovascular risk factors, the relative risk for total mortality was 4.1 (95% CI, 2.0 to 8.3) and for CVD morbidity and mortality, 2.4 (95% CI, 1.3 to 4.4). Results were similar when participants with clinical CVD at baseline were excluded. CONCLUSION: A low AAI appears to be an important predictor of morbidity and mortality among older adults with systolic hypertension.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the relationship between the ankle/arm blood pressure index (AAI, the ratio of ankle to arm systolic blood pressure, a measure of peripheral arterial disease) and short-term cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in older adults with systolic hypertension. DESIGN: Prospective cohort study, 1- to 2-year follow-up (mean, 16 months). SETTING: Eleven of 16 field centers from the Systolic Hypertension in the Elderly Program. PARTICIPANTS: 1537 older men and women with systolic hypertension. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: All-cause mortality, coronary heart disease (CHD) mortality, cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality, and CHD and CVD morbidity and mortality. RESULTS: The AAI was measured at the 1989-1990 clinic examination and was 0.9 or less in 25.5% of 1537 participants. A low AAI was associated with most major CHD and CVD risk factors. In those with a low AAI (< or = 0.9) compared with those with an AAI of more than 0.9, age- and sex-adjusted relative risks for mortality end points at follow-up were as follows: total mortality, 3.8 (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.1 to 6.9); CHD mortality, 3.24 (95% CI, 1.4 to 7.5); and CVD mortality, 3.7 (95% CI, 1.8 to 7.7). For CVD morbidity and mortality, the age- and sex-adjusted relative risk was 2.5 (95% CI, 1.5 to 4.3). After adjustment for baseline CVD and other cardiovascular risk factors, the relative risk for total mortality was 4.1 (95% CI, 2.0 to 8.3) and for CVD morbidity and mortality, 2.4 (95% CI, 1.3 to 4.4). Results were similar when participants with clinical CVD at baseline were excluded. CONCLUSION: A low AAI appears to be an important predictor of morbidity and mortality among older adults with systolic hypertension.
Authors: Philip P Goodney; Lori L Travis; Brahmajee K Nallamothu; Kerianne Holman; Bjoern Suckow; Peter K Henke; F Lee Lucas; David C Goodman; John D Birkmeyer; Elliott S Fisher Journal: Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes Date: 2011-12-06
Authors: Richard E Scranton; Ravi Dhingra; Elizabeth V Lawler; Kent Yucel; Amy Guo; Subha P Chittamooru; David R Gagnon; Joel W Hay; John M Gaziano Journal: Int J Angiol Date: 2008
Authors: Parveen K Garg; Mary L Biggs; Mercedes Carnethon; Joachim H Ix; Michael H Criqui; Kathryn A Britton; Luc Djoussé; Kim Sutton-Tyrrell; Anne B Newman; Mary Cushman; Kenneth J Mukamal Journal: Hypertension Date: 2013-11-04 Impact factor: 10.190
Authors: M Filippella; E Lillaz; A Ciccarelli; S Giardina; E Massimetti; F Navaretta; A Antico; M Veronesi; G Lombardi; A Colao; E Ghigo; A Benso; G Doveri Journal: J Endocrinol Invest Date: 2007-10 Impact factor: 4.256