Non-union of the scaphoid: early and late management.

The natural history of the fractured scaphoid and its non-union are incompletely understood. Papers are not easily compared without a system of classification. Avascular necrosis is rarely a problem. Unstable fractures should be fixed early to avoid established non-union. Treatment of non-union by graft alone requires prolonged immobilization. Non-union is well treated by grafting and internal fixation. Carpal collapse should be sought and corrected.