Clozapine treatment of borderline patients: a preliminary study.

Clinicians frequently encounter patients who present with borderline personality disorder (BPD) and prolonged and/or pronounced psychotic symptoms of an atypical nature. Fifteen such patients were treated with clozapine and rerated blind to baseline symptomatology and functional level from 2 to 9 months after beginning treatment (mean = 4.2 +/- 2.1). The overall symptomatology of these patients as rated on the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) decreased significantly from a mean of 57.0 +/- 10.4 to a mean of 37.8 +/- 7.7 (t = 7.03, df = 14, P = .001). Their positive, negative, and general symptoms as rated by the BPRS also decreased significantly. Additionally, their Global Assessment Scale (GAS) score increased significantly from a mean of 30.8 +/- 4.7 to a mean of 43.1 +/- 8.6 (t = 5.19, df = 14, P = .001). These results suggest that clozapine may be an effective antipsychotic agent for this subset of BPD patients. However, double-blind, placebo-controlled studies are necessary to confirm these preliminary results.