Pattern generation.

Significant advances have been made in understanding the cellular mechanisms for pattern generation in both invertebrate and vertebrate preparations. In a number of preparations, slow neuromodulators have been shown not only to modify network function, but to be intimately involved in development and/or normal function of the neural network and its associated behavior. The mechanisms underlying coordination between multiple pattern-generating networks, including switching of neurons from one network to another, are now being studied. Several new quantitative models of network function have been developed, and modeling is now an important component of research in this field.