The unusual development of empyema with multiple alveolobronchiolar fistulae 8 years after non-curative resection and radiation for lung cancer: report of a case.

We present herein the case of a man who developed empyema with multiple lung fistulae 8 years after receiving postoperative radiation for a residual tumor on the bronchial stump. The patient was successfully managed with two-stage surgery, involving an open window thoracotomy, followed by omental flap transfer. This case documents how postoperative radiotherapy that was effective following non-curative resection was also responsible for the development of empyema. Furthermore, although the empyema was successfully treated using the omentum, a small free space remained in the thorax, which resolved within 2 months.