Free and bound magnesium in fungi and yeasts.

The content of total, bound and osmotically free magnesium was estimated in various fungi and in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Total magnesium increases at lower growth rates of Endomyces magnusii and Penicillium chrysogenum 140A as well as during the logarithmic stage of growth of Penicillium chrysogenum Q-176. The binding of magnesium requires orthophosphate, decreasing during lack of external phosphate when the intracellular concentration of free magnesium rises. The fungi were found to contain a novel form of bound magnesium, a polymeric magnesium orthophosphate (PO Mg), which appears to take part in the control of free magnesium level in Penicillium chrysogenum Q-176. The level of free magnesium is proportional to the growth rate of Endomyces magnusii and Penicillium chrysogenum Q-176 and 140A. Total, as well as free, magnesium changes less than three-fold as external Mg concentration is changed 13,000-fold. The magnesium is taken up against concentration gradients of 1 : 25 to 1 : 1300, the metal being distributed non-uniformly in the cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.