Immunological and molecular characterization of Helicobacter felis urease.

Urease activity has recently been shown to be an important virulence determinant for Helicobacter pylori, allowing it to survive the low pH of the stomach during colonization. Experimental murine infection with Helicobacter felis is now being used as a model for H. pylori infection to study the effects of vaccines, antibiotics, and urease inhibitors on colonization. However, little information comparing the ureases of H. felis and H. pylori is available. Urease was partially purified from the cell surface of H. felis ATCC 49179 by A-5M agarose chromatography, resulting in an eightfold increase in specific activity over that of crude urease. The apparent Km for urea for the partially purified urease was 0.4 mM, and the enzyme was inhibited in a competitive manner by flurofamide (50% inhibitory concentration = 0.12 microM). Antiserum to whole cells of H. pylori recognized both H. pylori and H. felis urease B subunits. Antiserum raised against H. felis whole cells recognized the large and small autologous urease subunits and the cpn60 heat shock molecule in both H. felis and H. pylori. However, this antiserum showed only a weak reaction with the B subunit of H. pylori urease. Two oligomeric DNA sequences were used as probes to evaluate the relatedness of H. felis and H. pylori urease gene sequences. One 30-mer from the ureA sequence, which had been shown previously to be specific for H. pylori, failed to hybridize to H. felis genomic DNA. A probe to the putative coding sequence for the active site of the H. pylori ureB subunit hybridized at low intensity to a 2.8-kb fragment of BamHI-HindIII-digested H. felis DNA, suggesting that the sequences were homologous but not identical, a result confirmed from the recently published sequences of ureA and ureB from H. felis.