Studies on Emory mouse cataracts: oxidative factors.

Emory mouse cataracts were analyzed for amino acids, protein carbonyls and fatty acids. The tissue membrane integrity was assessed by studying chromium-51 efflux. An effect of vitamin E-free diet on cataract progression was also studied. Chromium leakage was faster from the cataractous lenses, indicating a generalized membrane damage. This was also apparent from the loss of amino acids. The damage involves oxidation of proteins, as well as of lipids. Protein oxidation was apparent by a hydrazone formation with 2,4-dinitrophenyl hydrazine. The lipid oxidation was apparent from a decrease in oleic acid and appearance of the corresponding ketoacids. Lipid oxidation was also apparent by an attenuating effect of vitamin E.