Masseter and temporalis surface electromyography in patients wearing complete dentures comparing anterior and posterior occlusal concepts--a pilot study.

The activity of jaw elevator muscles (masseter and anterior temporal muscle) was studied by surface electromyography in 17 patients wearing complete dentures with anterior-canine guidance. Baseline electromyography was recorded with the dentures and compared to recordings obtained with two different splints adapted to the upper denture, one providing anterior guidance leading to immediate disclusion of the posterior teeth during any jaw movement, the other providing posterior guidance buccally on the working side and lingually on the non-working side (bilaterally balanced occlusion). Recordings were obtained during a sequence of different jaw movements: postural position, maximal tooth contact in intercuspal position, protrusive movement of the mandible (under tooth contact) and during lateral excursions, also carried out under tooth contact. Muscle activity was not significantly different as recorded with dentures only versus with the splints providing anterior guidance. However, a significant increase in activity was observed with bilaterally balanced occlusion. The results of this study in edentulous people are similar to those found in patients with natural teeth.