Early and late results of laparoscopic choledochotomy without biliary drainage.

On account of dissatisfaction with the two-staged approach to stones in the common bile duct, and the risks associated with endoscopic papillotomy, one-stage laparoscopic duct exploration was commenced. The initial experienced with 20 cases is presented. In 13 cases the transcystic approach to the main duct was not successful, so a choledochotomy was performed, and closed without biliary drainage. The postoperative course was similar to laparoscopic cholecystectomy and was uncomplicated in all patients. The follow-up examination of 12 patients demonstrated a mild stenosis of the main duct in our first case; however, this resolved spontaneously within six months. When indicated, the laparoscopic "ideal" choledochotomy with fibroscopic exploration gives very good early and long term results.