Electrosurgical injuries during laparoscopy: prevention and management.

Despite the fact that electrophysics and its application to surgery, in particular endoscopic surgery, is a discreet science, there is little attention paid to the applied principles of the physics involved when surgeons receive their formal training in the technical aspects of surgery. Most training programs consider the discipline of electrosurgery as a skill that is left to the 'hands on' exposure of the student, and that the skills and knowledge of the average professor have been awarded through a 'grandfather' process of credentials. As a result, many myths have been perpetuated over the past decades since William Bovie introduced the first electrosurgical diathermy machine using high frequency radio waves instead of heated instruments (cautery) to destroy human tissue. Electrogenerators, today, have become finely tuned instruments that offer many versatile variables for the contemporary surgeon to harness and deliver, in either a discreet or broad manner, to tissue to obtain a desired effect and outcome.