Assessment of the relative contribution of peripheral and central components in cocaine place conditioning.

A balanced place conditioning paradigm was used to assess the contribution of peripheral and central factors mediating place conditioning induced by cocaine HCl. The first experiment was conducted to examine changes in locomotor activity and extracellular dopamine (DA) concentrations in the nucleus accumbens (NACC) following intraperitoneal (IP) injections of cocaine HCl (15 mg/kg) or cocaine methiodide (19.6 mg/kg). IP cocaine HCl significantly increased locomotor activity and extracellular NACC DA, whereas IP cocaine methiodide failed to increase either locomotor activity or extracellular DA in the NACC. In the second experiment, IP cocaine HCl (15 mg/kg) induced a significant conditioned place preference; however, neither IP procaine HCl (25 or 50 mg/kg) nor IP cocaine methiodide (4.9, 9.8, or 19.6 mg/kg) induced preferences for the drug-paired compartment. In the third experiment, intracerebroventricular (ICV) infusions of cocaine HCl (25 micrograms/2 microliters) or cocaine methiodide (1 or 5 micrograms/2 microliters) induced significant place conditioning for the drug-paired compartment. These results suggest place conditioning induced by cocaine HCl is mediated centrally and that the local anaesthetic properties alone do not contribute to this effect to any significant degree.